Anglo-Saxon Landscapes at the Time of the Norman Conquest
Anglo-Saxon Landscapes at the Time of the Norman Conquest The introduction of the Normans in the second half of the eleventh century irreparably transformed The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. Engineering and gardening were attributes that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation. However, there was no time for home life, domestic architecture, and decoration until the Normans had overcome the whole region. Monasteries and castles served different functions, so while monasteries were massive stone structures assembled in only the most productive, wide dales, castles were set upon blustery knolls where the people focused on learning offensive and defensive practices. The barren fortresses did not provide for the quiet avocation of gardening. The early Anglo-Norman style of architecture is symbolized in Berkeley Castle, which is most likely the most unscathed sample we have. The keep is thought to date from the time of William the Conqueror. A big terrace intended for walking and as a means to stop enemies from mining under the walls runs around the building. A scenic bowling green, enveloped in grass and surrounded by battlements clipped out of an ancient yew hedge, forms one of the terraces.Your Patio: A Great Place for a Garden Fountain
Your Patio: A Great Place for a Garden Fountain You can perfect your outdoor area by adding a wall fountain or an outdoor garden water feature to your yard or gardening project. Many current designers and craftsmen have been inspired by historical fountains and water features. As such, introducing one of these to your home design is a great way to connect it to the past. In addition to the positive attributes of garden fountains, they also produce water and moisture which goes into the air, thereby, drawing in birds as well as other creatures and harmonizing the environment. For example, birds lured by a fountain or birdbath can be useful because they fend off annoying flying insects.Spouting or cascading fountains are not the best option for a small yard since they require a great deal of space. Either a freestanding fountain with an even back and an attached basin set against a fence or a wall, or a wall-mounted style which is self-contained and hangs on a wall, are some of the possibilities from which you can choose. Both a fountain mask placed on the existing wall as well as a basin located at the bottom to collect the water are necessary if you wish to add a fountain. The plumbing and masonry work necessary for this type of job requires expertise, so it is best to employ a skilled person rather than do it yourself.
The Countless Construction Materials of Outdoor Water fountains
The Countless Construction Materials of Outdoor Water fountains
While today’s garden fountains are made in a number of materials, most are crafted from metal. Metallic fountains, with their clean lines and sculptural accents, come in in a variety of metals and can accommodate any style or budget. If you have a contemporary look and feel to your interior design, your yard and garden should have that same style. One of the most popular metals for sculptural garden fountains these days is copper. Copper is appropriate for many fountain styles, including tabletop and cascade water fountains, and can be put inside or outside - making it a great choice. Another benefit of copper fountains is they are flexible and come in a wide range of styles.
Brass water fountains are also common, though they tend to have a more classic look than copper ones. Even though they are a bit old-fashioned, brass fountains are quite popular because they often incorporate interesting artwork.
Most folks today see stainless steel as the most modern alternative. Adding a modern-looking steel design will immediately add value to your garden and elevate the overall ambiance. As with any type of fountain, they are available in numerous sizes.
For people who want the appearance of a metal fountain but prefer a lighter weight and more affordable option, fiberglass is the answer. Caring for a fiberglass water fountain is quite easy, another benefit that consumers love.
Original Water Delivery Techniques in The City Of Rome
Original Water Delivery Techniques in The City Of Rome Previous to 273, when the 1st elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in Roma, residents who resided on hills had to journey further down to gather their water from natural sources. Outside of these aqueducts and springs, wells and rainwater-collecting cisterns were the only technological innovations around at the time to supply water to areas of high elevation. To supply water to Pincian Hill in the early 16th century, they utilized the brand-new technique of redirecting the stream from the Acqua Vergine aqueduct’s underground network. As originally constructed, the aqueduct was provided along the length of its channel with pozzi (manholes) constructed at regular intervals. The manholes made it less demanding to clean the channel, but it was also achievable to use buckets to pull water from the aqueduct, as we witnessed with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he bought the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he passed away.
The cistern he had made to collect rainwater wasn’t sufficient to meet his water requirements. That is when he made a decision to create an access point to the aqueduct that ran under his residence.
Attributes of Garden Statuary in Archaic Greece
Attributes of Garden Statuary in Archaic Greece The initial freestanding statuary was developed by the Archaic Greeks, a notable success since until then the only carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and pillars. Most of the freestanding statues were of young, winsome male or female (kore) Greeks and are termed kouros figures. Regarded as by Greeks to characterize beauty, the kouroi were formed into stiff, forward facing positions with one foot outstretched, and the male statues were usually nude, well-built, and athletic. Life-sized versions of the kouroi appeared beginning in 650 BC. The Archaic period was tumultuous for the Greeks as they progressed into more sophisticated forms of government and art, and obtained more information about the peoples and civilizations outside of Greece. Wars like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars among city-states are indicative of the tumultuous nature of the time, which was similar to other periods of historical upset. However, these conflicts did not significantly hinder the advancement of the Greek civilization.
Early Crete & The Minoans: Fountains
Early Crete & The Minoans: Fountains On the Greek island of Crete, digs have unearthed channels of different types. These were applied to provide towns and cities with water as well as to lessen flooding and eliminate waste.
Most were made from terracotta or even rock. Anytime terracotta was utilized, it was usually for channels as well as water pipes which came in rectangular or circular forms. There are two illustrations of Minoan clay pipes, those with a shortened cone form and a U-shape which haven’t been seen in any culture since that time. The water provision at Knossos Palace was maintained with a strategy of clay piping which was positioned under the floor, at depths ranging from a few centimeters to several meters. The pipes also had other uses such as amassing water and directing it to a primary site for storing. These clay pipelines were required to perform: Below ground Water Transportation: Initially this particular technique appears to have been created not quite for convenience but to offer water for certain people or rites without it being seen. Quality Water Transportation: The pipes could furthermore have been used to move water to water fountains which were different from the city’s normal process.
Use a Outdoor Water fountain To Help Improve Air Quality
Use a Outdoor Water fountain To Help Improve Air Quality If what you are after is to breathe life into an otherwise uninspiring ambiance, an indoor wall fountain can be the answer. Setting up this sort of indoor feature positively affects your senses and your general well-being.
The science behind the theory that water fountains can be beneficial for you is irrefutable. Modern-day machines emit positive ions which are balanced out by the negative ions discharged by water features. Positive changes to both your mental and physical health take place when the negative ions are overpowered by the positive ions. You can become more alert, relaxed and lively due to an increase in the serotonin levels resulting from these types of features. The negative ions generated by indoor wall fountains promote a better mood as well as get rid of air impurities from your home. Allergies, pollutants among other annoyances can be done away with by these water features. And lastly, dust contaminants and microbes in the air are removed and lead to improved health.