Anglo-Saxon Gardens at the Time of the Norman Conquest
Anglo-Saxon Gardens at the Time of the Norman Conquest The arrival of the Normans in the 2nd half of the eleventh century irreparably improved The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. The talent of the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons' in design and agriculture at the time of the conquest. But before centering on home-life or having the occasion to contemplate domestic architecture or decoration, the Normans had to subjugate an entire society. Because of this, castles were cruder constructions than monasteries: Monasteries were often important stone buildings located in the biggest and most fertile valleys, while castles were built on windy crests where their citizens devoted time and space to projects for offense and defense.
The serene practice of gardening was unlikely in these bleak bastions. Berkeley Castle, maybe the most unspoiled model of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists today. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time. An enormous terrace encompasses the building, serving as an obstacle to assailants trying to excavate under the castle walls. On one of these terraces sits a quaint bowling green: it is coated in grass and flanked by an old yew hedge that is created into the shape of rough ramparts.
Outside Garden Fountains Hydro-Statics 101
Outside Garden Fountains Hydro-Statics 101 All liquids in a state of equilibrium exert energy on the materials it comes in contact with. There exist two kinds of force, hydrostatic energies and external forces. When pushing against a level wall, the fluid applies equal force at assorted points on the wall. Liquid in equilibrium will apply vertical pressure at every point of an object’s exterior when that subject is fully submersed in the liquid. This is also understood as buoyancy or the Archimedes’ principle. When hydrostatic force is applied on an area of liquid, this will become hydrostatic pressure. The containers that make up a city’s fountains, wells, and its water supply system are applications of these techniques.
"Primitive" Greek Artwork: Large Statuary
"Primitive" Greek Artwork: Large Statuary The primitive Greeks built the 1st freestanding statuary, an impressive achievement as most sculptures up until then had been reliefs cut into walls and pillars. Kouros figures, statues of young, handsome male or female (kore) Greeks, made up the majority of the statues. Symbolizing beauty to the Greeks, the kouroi were designed to appear rigid and always had foot forward; the males were healthy, strong, and naked. The kouroi started to be life-sized commencing in 650 BC. The Archaic period was turbulent for the Greeks as they evolved into more refined forms of government and art, and acquired more information about the peoples and civilizations outside of Greece. Conflicts like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars involving city-states are indicatory of the tumultuous nature of the time period, which was similar to other periods of historical upset. However, these conflicts did not significantly hinder the advancement of the Greek civilization.Outdoor Elegance: Garden Water fountains
Outdoor Elegance: Garden Water fountains
Nowadays you can just put your garden water fountain close to a wall since they no longer need to be hooked to a pond. Excavating, installing and maintaining a nearby pond are no longer necessary. Due to the fact that this feature is self-contained, no plumbing is required. Do not forget, however, to put in water at regular intervals. Your pond and the proximate area are sure to get dirty at some point so be sure to drain the water from the basin and fill it with clean water. Garden wall features come in many different materials, but they are usually made of stone and metal. Identifying the style you wish for shows the right material to use. It is best to look for exterior wall fountains which are easy to hang, handmade and lightweight. Having a water feature which demands little maintenance is important as well. While there may be some instances in which the setup needs a bit more care, generally the majority require a minimal amount of effort to install since the only two parts which demand scrutiny are the re-circulating pump and the hanging parts. You can relax knowing your garden can be easily juiced up by installing this type of fountain.
The Root of Modern Outdoor Wall Fountains
The Root of Modern Outdoor Wall Fountains Hundreds of classic Greek texts were translated into Latin under the authority of the scholarly Pope Nicholas V, who ruled the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 to 1455. In order to make Rome worthy of being the capital of the Christian world, the Pope decided to embellish the beauty of the city. Starting in 1453, the ruined ancient Roman aqueduct known as the Aqua Vergine which had brought clean drinking water into the city from eight miles away, underwent repair at the bidding of the Pope. A mostra, a monumental dedicatory fountain built by ancient Romans to mark the point of entry of an aqueduct, was a practice which was restored by Nicholas V. The present-day site of the Trevi Fountain was previously occupied by a wall fountain commissioned by the Pope and built by the architect Leon Battista Alberti. Adjustments and extensions, included in the repaired aqueduct, eventually provided the Trevi Fountain and the well-known baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona with the necessary water supply.Contemporary Garden Decoration: Outdoor Fountains and their Roots
Contemporary Garden Decoration: Outdoor Fountains and their Roots A water fountain is an architectural piece that pours water into a basin or jets it high into the air in order to provide drinking water, as well as for decorative purposes. Originally, fountains only served a practical purpose. Water fountains were connected to a spring or aqueduct to supply drinkable water as well as bathing water for cities, townships and villages. Until the late nineteenth, century most water fountains functioned using the force of gravity to allow water to flow or jet into the air, therefore, they needed a supply of water such as a reservoir or aqueduct located higher than the fountain. Fountains were not only utilized as a water source for drinking water, but also to adorn homes and celebrate the designer who created it. Animals or heroes made of bronze or stone masks were often utilized by Romans to beautify their fountains. To illustrate the gardens of paradise, Muslim and Moorish garden planners of the Middle Ages added fountains to their designs. King Louis XIV of France wanted to illustrate his superiority over nature by including fountains in the Gardens of Versailles. The Romans of the 17th and 18th centuries created baroque decorative fountains to exalt the Popes who commissioned them as well as to mark the location where the restored Roman aqueducts entered the city.
Since indoor plumbing became the norm of the day for clean, drinking water, by the end of the 19th century urban fountains were no longer needed for this purpose and they became purely decorative. Amazing water effects and recycled water were made possible by switching the force of gravity with mechanical pumps.
Contemporary fountains are used to adorn community spaces, honor individuals or events, and enhance recreational and entertainment events.
The Many Construction Materials of Outdoor Water fountains
The Many Construction Materials of Outdoor Water fountains Although they come in various materials, today’s garden fountains tend to be made of metal. Metallic fountains, with their clean lines and sculptural accents, come in in a variety of metals and can accommodate any style or budget. The interior design of your home should establish the look and feel of your yard and garden as well.Today, many people choose copper for their sculptural garden fountains. Copper fountains are the ideal choice because they are perfect for the inside and outside. Copper fountains also come in a huge array of styles - from fun and eccentric to modern and cutting-edge.
Brass water fountains are also popular, though they tend to have a more traditional look than copper ones. Brass fountains are commonly designed with interesting artwork, so they are popular even if they are a bit conventional.
Arguably the most cutting-edge of all metals is stainless steel. For an instant increase in the value and peacefulness of your garden, get one of the contemporary steel designs. Just like other water features, they come in a variety of sizes.
Because it is both lighter and less expensive than metal but has a similar look, fiberglass is quite common for fountains. Caring for a fiberglass water fountain is fairly easy, another benefit that consumers like.