California's Outdoor Fountains Research and Results
California's Outdoor Fountains Research and Results The first implementation of a sugary drinks tax in the US came in February 2014, when it was approved by the city of Berkley, California. By taxing sugary drinks, the city hopes to inspire a lot more people to choose healthier choices, such as water. Research was conducted to find out the reputation of local drinking water fountains and whether people from other racial or economic backgrounds had less access to them. By creating a mobile GPS application, specialists were able to gather data on Berkley’s drinking water fountains. Demographic data on race and earnings was then assembled using the US Census database. By cross-referencing the water fountain sites with the demographic data, they were in a position to ascertain whether access to working fountains was class dependent. The neighboring demographics of each water fountain location was made note of, while additionally ensuring whether race or income levels made a huge difference in the state of repair of each individual fountain. The fact that the fountains were operating was not a guarantee that they were well-maintained, given that quite a few were in need of maintenance and repair.
The Wide Array of Styles of Water Wall Fountains
The Wide Array of Styles of Water Wall Fountains Wall fountains are well suited to small patios or gardens because they do not take up too much space while also adding a bit of style and providing a great place to find peace and quiet. Conventional, antique, modern, or Asian are just a few of the designs you can pick from when looking for an outdoor wall fountain to your liking.
While there are innumerable prefabricated ones on the market, you may need a customized fountain if none of these are pleasing to you. The two types of fountains available to you include mounted and stand-alone models. Mounted wall fountains are small and self-contained versions which can be hung on a wall. Normally made of resin (to look like stone) or fiber glass, these types of fountains are lightweight and easy to hang. Sizable free-standing wall fountains, commonly referred to as floor fountains, have their basins located on the floor and a smooth side leaning on a wall. There are no weight limits on these types of cast stone water features.
It is a good idea to integrate a customized fountain into a new or existing wall, something often suggested by landscape experts. The basin and all the necessary plumbing are best installed by a trained mason. It is also necessary to include a spout or fountain mask to build it into the wall. A tailor-made wall fountain blends into the landscape instead of standing out because it was a later addition, which adds to a unified appearance.
Modern Garden Decoration: Fountains and their Beginnings
Modern Garden Decoration: Fountains and their Beginnings The amazing or ornamental effect of a fountain is just one of the purposes it fulfills, in addition to delivering drinking water and adding a decorative touch to your property.Pure functionality was the original purpose of fountains. Inhabitants of cities, townships and small towns utilized them as a source of drinking water and a place to wash up, which meant that fountains had to be connected to nearby aqueduct or spring.
Until the late nineteenth, century most water fountains functioned using the force of gravity to allow water to flow or jet into the air, therefore, they needed a source of water such as a reservoir or aqueduct located higher than the fountain. Fountains were an excellent source of water, and also served to decorate living areas and celebrate the designer. Bronze or stone masks of wildlife and heroes were commonly seen on Roman fountains. To illustrate the gardens of paradise, Muslim and Moorish garden planners of the Middle Ages introduced fountains to their designs. King Louis XIV of France wanted to demonstrate his dominion over nature by including fountains in the Gardens of Versailles. Seventeen and 18 century Popes sought to laud their positions by adding beautiful baroque-style fountains at the point where restored Roman aqueducts arrived into the city.
Indoor plumbing became the main source of water by the end of the 19th century thereby limiting urban fountains to mere decorative elements. Amazing water effects and recycled water were made possible by replacing the power of gravity with mechanical pumps.
Modern-day fountains serve mostly as decoration for open spaces, to honor individuals or events, and compliment entertainment and recreational gatherings.
Rome, Gian Bernini, And Public Fountains
Rome, Gian Bernini, And Public Fountains There are many famous fountains in the city center of Rome.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini, one of the most brilliant sculptors and artists of the 17th century planned, conceptualized and produced virtually all of them. Traces of his life's efforts are obvious all through the roads of Rome because, in addition to his abilities as a fountain creator, he was also a city architect. A celebrated Florentine sculptor, Bernini's father mentored his young son, and they ultimately went to Rome to thoroughly express their art, mainly in the form of public water features and water features. An exemplary employee, Bernin received praise and the patronage of popes and important painters. His sculpture was originally his claim to popularity. He made use of his expertise and melded it seamlessly with Roman marble, most notably in the Vatican. Though he was influenced by many, Michelangelo had the most serious impact on him, both personally and professionally.
Setting up a Fountain In Smaller Yards
Setting up a Fountain In Smaller Yards The reflective properties of water means it can make small spaces look larger than they are. Augmenting the reflective aspects of a fountain or water feature are possible by using dark materials. If your objective is to highlight your new feature at night, underwater lights in varied colors and shapes will do the trick. profit from the sun’s rays by using eco-lights during the day and underwater lights during the night. The comforting effect created by these is oftentimes used in nature therapies to alleviate anxiety and stress. The foliage in your yard is a very good spot to fit in your water feature. Your pond, artificial waterway, or fountain is the perfect feature to draw people’s attention. The flexibility of water features is that they can be installed in large backyards as well as in small verandas. The right accessories and the best location for it are worthwhile if you want to enhance the atmosphere.
Rome’s First Water Transport Systems
Rome’s First Water Transport Systems Rome’s 1st elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; prior to that, inhabitants residing at higher elevations had to rely on natural streams for their water. Throughout this period, there were only two other systems capable of providing water to higher areas, subterranean wells and cisterns, which accumulated rainwater. From the early sixteenth century, water was routed to Pincian Hill by way of the subterranean channel of Acqua Vergine. Throughout the time of its initial building and construction, pozzi (or manholes) were located at set intervals alongside the aqueduct’s channel. The manholes made it easier to maintain the channel, but it was also possible to use buckets to pull water from the aqueduct, as we viewed with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he bought the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he died. He didn’t get sufficient water from the cistern that he had manufactured on his property to collect rainwater. Fortunately, the aqueduct sat just below his residence, and he had a shaft established to give him access.