California's Water Fountain Study and Results
California's Water Fountain Study and Results Berkley, CA people voted for a sugar-sweetened beverages tax in February 2014, the earliest of its kind in the United States. By taxing sugary drinks, the city hopes to encourage more people to decide on healthier options, such as water. Research was executed to find out the status of local drinking water fountains and whether people from other racial or financial backgrounds had reduced access to them. Via content gathered by a mobile GPS app, professionals were able to identify the condition of existing water fountains in Berkley. This information was cross-referenced with demographic information on race and income obtained from the US Census Community Study database. By cross-referencing the water fountain locations with the demographic information, they were able to determine whether access to functioning fountains was class dependent. Each water fountain and the demographics of its bordering area were examined to reveal whether the site of the fountains or their standard of maintenance revealed any relationship to income, race, or other points.
The fact that the fountains were working was not a guarantee that they were well-maintained, considering quite a few were in need of cleaning and repair.
Modern Garden Decor: Fountains and their Beginnings
Modern Garden Decor: Fountains and their Beginnings The incredible architecture of a fountain allows it to provide clean water or shoot water high into air for dramatic effect and it can also serve as an excellent design feature to complete your home.Originally, fountains only served a practical purpose. Water fountains were connected to a spring or aqueduct to provide drinkable water as well as bathing water for cities, townships and villages. Up to the late nineteenth century, water fountains had to be near an aqueduct or reservoir and higher than the fountain so that gravity could make the water move down or jet high into the air. Artists thought of fountains as wonderful additions to a living space, however, the fountains also served to provide clean water and celebrate the artist responsible for creating it. Roman fountains usually depicted images of animals or heroes made of bronze or stone masks. Muslims and Moorish landscaping designers of the Middle Ages included fountains to re-create smaller versions of the gardens of paradise. To demonstrate his dominance over nature, French King Louis XIV included fountains in the Garden of Versailles.
The Popes of the 17th and 18th centuries were glorified with baroque style fountains constructed to mark the place of entry of Roman aqueducts.
Urban fountains built at the end of the 19th century functioned only as decorative and celebratory ornaments since indoor plumbing provided the essential drinking water. The introduction of unique water effects and the recycling of water were 2 things made possible by swapping gravity with mechanical pumps.
Modern fountains are used to adorn community spaces, honor individuals or events, and enhance recreational and entertainment events.
"Old School" Water Feature Creative Designers
"Old School" Water Feature Creative Designers Fountain designers were multi-talented people from the 16th to the later part of the 18th century, often working as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and cultivated scholars all in one person. Throughout the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci illustrated the artist as an innovative master, inventor and scientific specialist. The forces of nature led him to analyze the qualities and motion of water, and due to his curiosity, he methodically recorded his experiences in his now celebrated notebooks. Modifying private villa configurations into ingenious water exhibits full with symbolic interpretation and natural wonder, early Italian water fountain creators combined curiosity with hydraulic and gardening ability. Known for his virtuosity in archeology, design and garden design, Pirro Ligorio, the humanist, offered the vision behind the magnificence in Tivoli.
For the various estates in the vicinity of Florence, other water fountain engineers were well versed in humanistic themes as well as ancient scientific texts, masterminding the phenomenal water marbles, water highlights and water jokes.
Did You Know How Mechanical Concepts of Fountains Became Known?
Did You Know How Mechanical Concepts of Fountains Became Known? Throughout the European countries, the primary means of dissiminating useful hydraulic information and fountain design suggestions were the published pamphlets and illustrated publications of the day, which contributed to the advancement of scientific technology. In the late 1500's, a French water feature designer (whose name has been lost) was the globally distinguished hydraulics innovator. His experience in creating landscapes and grottoes with built-in and imaginative water fountains began in Italy and with mandates in Brussels, London and Germany. In France, towards the end of his life, he penned “The Principle of Moving Forces”, a book which turned into the fundamental text on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. Replacing principal hydraulic findings of classical antiquity, the publication also details modern hydraulic technologies. As a mechanized way to move water, Archimedes invented the water screw, chief among key hydraulic innovations. A pair of concealed vessels heated by the sun's rays in an room next to the creative water fountain were shown in an illustration. The end result: the water feature is stimulated by the heated liquid expanding and ascending up the pipes. Models for pumps, water wheels, water attributes and outdoor ponds are also included in the book.
Outdoor Water Features Come in Many Forms and Sizes
Outdoor Water Features Come in Many Forms and Sizes
Is it possible for you to transform your garden into a paradise of serenity? The soothing feeling created by outdoor fountains is just one of the benefits of including a water feature in your garden. The magnificence of a spouting fountain can be observed when it sends a stream of shooting water into the air. It is possible to have one of these fitted into an existent, large pond. You may have encountered one of these in a park or an old estate.
Choose a stylish wall fountain to put outside. These types of water features make for a fantastic addition to your yard even if it is small. Spouting fountains usually make quite an impact whereas wall features are more of a subtle kind of water feature. In this simple process. the water which is pushed out of a small opening, streams down a beautifully textured wall and is then collected at the base before being pushed back to the top.
Themed fountains are perfect when the design of your yard allows for them. A cherub grasping a spout is one of the possible types of classical-styled statues you can use if you want your fountain to fit a rustically themed cottage or garden. Modern-day gardens, on the other hand, benefit from something more adventurous. Feel free to let your hair down and pick something interesting and intrepid.
The main trait of a multi-tiered fountain is that water streams from a number of different levels. Due to the water moving down its various levels, these are also called cascading fountains.
Due to the fact that outdoor fountains can take up a lot of space, hang a wall fountain or a pondless fountain if the space you have is minimal. Since the reservoirs necessary for these kinds of fountains are hidden underground, you can make the most of the space at your disposal.
If you seek a feeling of peacefulness and calmness, put in a Japanese fountain as these are believed to bring about such sensations. In this style of water feature the water runs through bamboo sticks. The repetition of water streaming into a bucket or shaped stone is one of the main characteristics of this type of fountain.
One of the many styles of fountain around is the glass fountain. Featuring shaped metalwork, trellis-style fountains of this type have a more traditional aspect. Water features such as these are best suited to yards with many sharp corners as well as modern forms and designs. The water produces a spectacular effect when it runs down the outside of the glass. Some fountains also include colorful LED lights to shine onto the sheets of glass as water streams downwards. Often made of imitation rock, stone waterfall fountains have water slowly trickling down its surface.
Bubbling rock fountains are big rocks drilled with holes which are then filled with tubes in the middle. The bubbling and gurgling at the uppermost part of this type of fountain are brought on by the water being pushed upward at low pressure. Flowing towards the bottom of the fountain, the water returns as a slow dribble down the sides of the rock. Gardens with little space are good places to include this style of fountain. To ensure that water is not sprayed around if it starts to get windy, this kind of fountain is the best option since it only uses low pressure to move water.
The trend of setting up solar powered fountains is becoming progressively prevalent. The lack of cables, the decreased difficulty in managing them, the lower energy bills, and the benefits to our ecosystem are just some of the reasons for this increased interest. Outdoor solar-powered fountains are available in myriad different styles, therefore, you will not have to compromise on which one to buy.