The Earliest Documented Outdoor Water Fountains of the Historical Past

The Earliest Documented Outdoor Water Fountains of the Historical Past As originally conceived, fountains were designed to be functional, directing water from creeks or aqueducts to the inhabitants of cities and villages, where the water could be used for cooking, washing, and drinking. The force of gravity was the power source of water fountains up until the conclusion of the 19th century, using the potent power of water traveling downhill from a spring or brook to push the water through spigots or other outlets. Fountains spanning history have been developed as memorials, impressing local citizens and travelers alike. Simple in design, the first water fountains did not appear much like modern fountains. The first accepted water fountain was a natural stone basin created that was used as a receptacle for drinking water and ceremonial purposes. Stone basins are believed to have been first used around 2000 BC. Gravity was the energy source that operated the oldest water fountains. Positioned near aqueducts or creeks, the functional public water fountains supplied the local population with fresh drinking water. The people of Rome began building elaborate fountains in 6 B.C., most of which were metallic or stone masks of animals and mythological characters. Water for the community fountains of Rome arrived to the city via a elaborate system of water aqueducts.

The Impact of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Gardens

The Impact of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Gardens Impact Norman Invasion Anglo-Saxon Gardens 81884179458998550655.jpg

The Anglo-Saxon way of life was considerably changed by the appearance of the Normans in the later eleventh century. The ability of the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons' in design and farming at the time of the conquest. However the Normans had to pacify the overall territory before they could concentrate on home life, domestic architecture, and decoration. Because of this, castles were cruder buildings than monasteries: Monasteries were often immense stone buildings set in the biggest and most fertile valleys, while castles were constructed on windy crests where their inhabitants devoted time and space to projects for offense and defense. The tranquil practice of gardening was not viable in these dismal bastions. Berkeley Castle is probably the most complete model in existence today of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture. The keep is rumored to have been created during the time of William the Conqueror. An enormous terrace encompasses the building, serving as an impediment to attackers intending to excavate under the castle walls. A picturesque bowling green, enveloped in grass and bordered by battlements cut out of an ancient yew hedge, creates one of the terraces.