The Dispersion of Water Fountain Design Technology

The Dispersion of Water Fountain Design Technology Instrumental to the advancement of scientific technology were the printed papers and illustrated publications of the time. They were also the main means of transmitting practical hydraulic information and fountain design ideas all through Europe. A globally renowned pioneer in hydraulics in the later part of the 1500's was a French water fountain engineer, whose name has been lost to history. His know-how in creating gardens and grottoes with incorporated and ingenious water features began in Italy and with commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. In France, near the end of his life, he published “The Principle of Moving Forces”, a book that became the fundamental text on hydraulic technology and engineering. Dispersion Water Fountain Design Technology 65805763946.jpg

Dispersion Water Fountain Design Technology 65805763946.jpg

Classical antiquity hydraulic breakthroughs were detailed as well as changes to essential classical antiquity hydraulic discoveries in the book. Archimedes, the inventor of the water screw, had his work featured and these included a mechanized means to move water. An beautiful water feature with the sun warming the liquid in two vessels hidden in a adjacent room was presented in one illustration. The heated water expands and then rises and closes the water pipes consequently activating the water feature. Yard ponds as well as pumps, water wheels, and water feature concepts are talked about in the publication.

Rome’s First Water Transport Systems

Rome’s first raised aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; prior to that, residents residing at higher elevations had to depend on natural creeks for their water. When aqueducts or springs weren’t accessible, people living at raised elevations turned to water taken from underground or rainwater, which was made available by wells and cisterns. Beginning in the sixteenth century, a newer system was introduced, using Acqua Vergine’s subterranean sections to provide water to Pincian Hill. As originally constructed, the aqueduct was provided along the length of its channel with pozzi (manholes) constructed at regular intervals. Whilst these manholes were manufactured to make it less difficult to conserve the aqueduct, it was also possible to use containers to remove water from the channel, which was done by Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi from the time he purchased the property in 1543 to his death in 1552. Even though the cardinal also had a cistern to get rainwater, it couldn't provide enough water. Fortunately, the aqueduct sat just below his property, and he had a shaft opened to give him accessibility.

Statues As a Staple of Classic Art in Archaic Greece

Statues As a Staple of Classic Art in Archaic Greece The Archaic Greeks developed the 1st freestanding statuary, an impressive achievement as most sculptures up until then had been reliefs cut into walls and pillars. Most of the freestanding statues were of youthful, winsome male or female (kore) Greeks and are called kouros figures. The kouroi, regarded by the Greeks to exemplify beauty, had one foot stretched out of a strict forward-facing posture and the male statues were regularly nude, with a powerful, strong shape. Statues Staple Classic Art Archaic Greece 70651286.jpg

Statues Staple Classic Art Archaic Greece 70651286.jpg

The kouroi became life-sized commencing in 650 BC. The Archaic period was turbulent for the Greeks as they progressed into more sophisticated forms of federal government and art, and gained more data about the peoples and societies outside of Greece. Equivalent to many other times of historical conflict, arguments were common, and there were struggles between city-states like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos.