California's Garden Water Fountain Analysis and Results
California's Garden Water Fountain Analysis and Results
In February 2014, a levy on sugar-sweetened beverages was enacted in Berkley, CA, making it the first city in the United States to bring in such a law. By taxing sugary drinks, the city hopes to motivate more people to select healthier choices, such as water. Research was completed to ensure that residents of all races and economic classes had access to thoroughly clean, operating drinking fountains. The study utilized a GPS app to compile data on existing water fountains in the city. The US Census Community Study database was utilized to accumulate information pertaining to race and economic status in these segments. The two data sets were reviewed to determine what class differences, if any, there were in access to functioning water fountains. Each water fountain and the demographics of its bordering area were examined to reveal whether the site of the fountains or their level of maintenance showed any correlation to income, race, or other factors. The cleanliness of many fountains was found poor, even if most were operating.
Anglo-Saxon Landscapes During the Norman Conquest
Anglo-Saxon Landscapes During the Norman Conquest The Anglo-Saxon way of life was significantly changed by the arrival of the Normans in the later eleventh century. At the time of the conquest, the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons in building design and cultivation.
But there was no time for home life, domesticated architecture, and decoration until the Normans had conquered the whole realm. Most often built upon windy summits, castles were straightforward constructs that enabled their occupants to spend time and space to offensive and defensive programs, while monasteries were rambling stone buildings commonly added in only the most fecund, extensive valleys. Tranquil activities such as gardening were out of place in these desolate citadels. Berkeley Castle is perhaps the most complete model in existence nowadays of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture. The keep is said to date from the time of William the Conqueror. A big terrace intended for walking and as a means to stop enemies from mining under the walls runs about the building. On one of these parapets is a picturesque bowling green covered in grass and surrounded by an aged hedge of yew that has been designed into coarse battlements.
The Countless Options in Garden Wall Fountains
The Countless Options in Garden Wall Fountains Putting a wall fountain in your yard or patio is perfect when you want to unwind. You can have one custom-built to fit your requirements even if you have a minimum amount of space. Both the stand alone and fitted models need to have a spout, a water basin, internal tubing, and a pump. There are any number of models to choose from including conventional, contemporary, classic, or Asian.Also knownas a floor fountain, a stand-alone wall fountain is normally rather big, and its basin is placed on the ground.
On the other hand, a water feature affixed to a wall can be incorporated onto an existing wall or fit into a new wall. A unified look can be realized with this style of water feature because it seems to become part of the landscape rather than an added element.
Where did Large Garden Fountains Come From?
Where did Large Garden Fountains Come From? The incredible architecture of a fountain allows it to provide clean water or shoot water high into air for dramatic effect and it can also serve as an excellent design feature to complement your home.The central purpose of a fountain was originally strictly practical. Inhabitants of urban areas, townships and small towns utilized them as a source of drinking water and a place to wash, which meant that fountains needed to be connected to nearby aqueduct or spring. Until the late 19th, century most water fountains functioned using the force of gravity to allow water to flow or jet into the air, therefore, they needed a supply of water such as a reservoir or aqueduct located higher than the fountain. Fountains were an excellent source of water, and also served to adorn living areas and celebrate the designer. Animals or heroes made of bronze or stone masks were often used by Romans to beautify their fountains. Muslims and Moorish landscaping designers of the Middle Ages included fountains to re-create smaller versions of the gardens of paradise. To demonstrate his prominence over nature, French King Louis XIV included fountains in the Garden of Versailles. To mark the entrance of the restored Roman aqueducts, the Popes of the 17th and 18th centuries commissioned the construction of baroque style fountains in the spot where the aqueducts entered the city of Rome
Indoor plumbing became the main source of water by the end of the 19th century thereby limiting urban fountains to mere decorative elements. Gravity was substituted by mechanical pumps in order to permit fountains to bring in clean water and allow for amazing water displays.
These days, fountains decorate public spaces and are used to honor individuals or events and fill recreational and entertainment needs.
The Original Garden Fountain Manufacturers
The Original Garden Fountain Manufacturers Fountain designers were multi-talented people from the 16th to the later part of the 18th century, often working as architects, sculptors, artisans, engineers and cultivated scholars all in one. Leonardo da Vinci, a Renaissance artist, was notable as a ingenious master, inventor and scientific virtuoso. He carefully captured his experiences in his now recognized notebooks, after his mind boggling fascination in the forces of nature guided him to explore the properties and movement of water. Early Italian fountain builders altered private villa configurations into ingenious water displays complete of symbolic meaning and natural beauty by coupling imagination with hydraulic and gardening talent. The humanist Pirro Ligorio, renowned for his virtuosity in archeology, architecture and garden design, offered the vision behind the splendors in Tivoli. For the many mansions near Florence, other water feature creators were well versed in humanistic subjects and ancient technical texts, masterminding the extraordinary water marbles, water highlights and water humor.