The Distribution of Garden Water Fountains Engineering Knowledge in Europe
The Distribution of Garden Water Fountains Engineering Knowledge in Europe Throughout Europe, the primary means of dissiminating useful hydraulic facts and fountain design ideas were the circulated pamphlets and illustrated publications of the time, which added to the advancement of scientific development. A globally recognized leader in hydraulics in the late 1500's was a French fountain designer, whose name has been lost to history. By designing landscapes and grottoes with built-in and ingenious water attributes, he began his profession in Italy by earning imperial mandates in Brussels, London and Germany. He wrote a publication titled “The Principles of Moving Forces” toward the end of his life while in France that turned into the fundamental book on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. Classical antiquity hydraulic discoveries were outlined as well as revisions to key classical antiquity hydraulic advancements in the book. Notable among these works were those of Archimedes, the developer of the water screw, a mechanized method of moving water. Two hidden containers heated up by sunlight in a room adjacent to the ornamental water fountain were found in an illustration. Activating the water fountain is heated water which expands and ascends to close up the pipes.
Concepts for pumps, water wheels, water features and garden ponds are also covered in the book.
The Earliest Public Garden Fountains
The Earliest Public Garden Fountains As initially conceived, fountains were crafted to be practical, guiding water from streams or aqueducts to the citizens of cities and villages, where the water could be used for cooking, cleaning, and drinking.
A source of water higher in elevation than the fountain was necessary to pressurize the movement and send water squirting from the fountain's spout, a technology without equal until the late 19th century. The beauty and wonder of fountains make them appropriate for historic monuments. If you saw the 1st fountains, you would not recognize them as fountains. The very first recognized water fountain was a natural stone basin carved that served as a receptacle for drinking water and ceremonial purposes. Natural stone basins are theorized to have been first utilized around the year 2000 BC. Gravity was the power source that operated the initial water fountains. Drinking water was delivered by public fountains, long before fountains became elaborate public monuments, as beautiful as they are functional. Animals, Gods, and Spiritual figures dominated the early decorative Roman fountains, beginning to show up in about 6 BC. A well-engineered collection of reservoirs and aqueducts kept Rome's public fountains supplied with fresh water.
Outdoor Fountains And Public Health
Outdoor Fountains And Public Health In February 2014, a levy on sugar-sweetened beverages was enacted in Berkley, CA, making it the first city in the United States to introduce such a law. The purpose is to get people drinking more water and other natural beverages by raising the price tag of soda and other sugar-sweetened drinks. Research was conducted to guarantee that individuals of all races and economic classes had access to thoroughly clean, working drinking fountains. Important information on the city’s drinking water fountains were gathered using a GPS created specifically for the research. Analysts then used US Census data to find out even more about the economic and racial elements that influenced the city. The 2 data sets were reviewed to determine what class distinctions, if any, there were in access to working water fountains. Each water fountain and the demographics of its surrounding area were studied to reveal whether the location of the fountains or their standard of maintenance exhibited any link to income, race, or other factors. The fact that the fountains were operating was not a guarantee that they were well-maintained, as quite a few were in need of maintenance and repair.Outdoor Wall Fountains: The Numerous Designs Available
Outdoor Wall Fountains: The Numerous Designs Available Wall fountains are well suited to small verandas or gardens because they do not take up too much space while also adding a bit of style and providing a great place to find peace and quiet. When considering the many types of outdoor wall fountains available including traditional, antique, modern, or Asian, you are certain to find one best suited to your design ideas. Your tastes dictate the type you buy so while there may not be a prefabricated fountain to satisfy you, you do have the option of having a customized one.There are two specific styles of fountains you can buy: mounted and stand-alone.
You can install a mounted wall fountain because they are small and self-contained. Ordinarily made of resin (to resemble stone) or fiber glass, these types of fountains are lightweight and easy to hang. Floor fountains are freestanding, sizable, and also have a basin on the floor as well as a flat side against the wall. Generally constructed of cast stone, this style of water feature is not limited in weight.
Landscape designers often recommend a customized fountain for a brand new or existing wall. A skilled mason is necessary to install the water basin against the wall and correctly install all the plumbing inside or behind the wall. The wall will need to have a spout or fountain mask incorporated into it. The cohesive look produced by custom-made wall fountains make them appear to be part of the landscape instead of an afterthought.
Outdoor Fountain Builders Through History
Outdoor Fountain Builders Through History Often serving as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and highly educated scholars all in one, from the 16th to the later part of the 18th century, fountain designers were multi-faceted people, Exemplifying the Renaissance artist as a imaginative legend, Leonardo da Vinci performed as an inventor and scientific expert. With his astounding curiosity about the forces of nature, he investigated the qualities and motion of water and systematically documented his examinations in his now famed notebooks. Coupling inventiveness with hydraulic and horticultural talent, early Italian water feature developers changed private villa settings into innovative water exhibits filled of symbolic meaning and natural charm. Known for his incredible skill in archeology, architecture and garden creations, Pirro Ligorio, the humanist, provided the vision behind the magnificence in Tivoli. Well versed in humanistic subjects as well as classic scientific texts, other water feature creators were masterminding the fascinating water marbles, water attributes and water pranks for the numerous properties near Florence.