California's Outdoor Fountain Study and Results
California's Outdoor Fountain Study and Results The very first American city to pass a tax on sweet drinks was Berkley, California in February 2014. The goal is to have men and women drinking more water and other natural drinks by raising the cost of soda and other sugar-sweetened drinks.
Efforts were made to find out the condition of community drinking water fountains in both high- and low-income neighborhoods. The study utilized a GPS app to collect data on current water fountains in the city. Demographic data on race and earnings was then gathered using the US Census database. The analysts looked to use both data sets to figure out if demographics were associated to drinking water fountain access. They were able to determine the demographics of areas surrounding existing fountains, as well as the cleanliness and maintenance of fountains across different neighborhoods. The cleanliness of various fountains was found lacking, even if most were functioning.
The Early Civilization: Garden Fountains
The Early Civilization: Garden Fountains
Archaeological digs in Minoan Crete in Greece have uncovered several types of conduits. They were used for water supply as well as removal of storm water and wastewater. Most were made from terracotta or rock. Whenever terracotta was utilized, it was usually for waterways as well as water pipes which came in rectangle-shaped or round patterns. There are two illustrations of Minoan clay pipes, those with a shortened cone form and a U-shape that haven’t been observed in any culture ever since. Terracotta conduits were utilized to administer water at Knossos Palace, running up to three meters beneath the floor surfaces. The piping also had other functions including gathering water and directing it to a primary area for storage. In order to make this achievable, the conduits had to be designed to handle: Below ground Water Transportation: This system’s hidden nature might suggest that it was originally planned for some sort of ritual or to allocate water to limited groups. Quality Water Transportation: The conduits could furthermore have been used to carry water to fountains that were split from the city’s general system.
Where did Large Garden Fountains Begin?
Where did Large Garden Fountains Begin? The amazing or ornamental effect of a fountain is just one of the purposes it fulfills, as well as delivering drinking water and adding a decorative touch to your property.The main purpose of a fountain was originally strictly practical. Water fountains were linked to a spring or aqueduct to provide potable water as well as bathing water for cities, townships and villages. Used until the 19th century, in order for fountains to flow or shoot up into the air, their origin of water such as reservoirs or aqueducts, had to be higher than the water fountain in order to benefit from gravity.
Fountains were not only used as a water source for drinking water, but also to decorate homes and celebrate the artist who created it. The main components used by the Romans to create their fountains were bronze or stone masks, mostly illustrating animals or heroes. Muslims and Moorish landscaping designers of the Middle Ages included fountains to re-create smaller versions of the gardens of paradise. King Louis XIV of France wanted to illustrate his dominion over nature by including fountains in the Gardens of Versailles. To mark the entryway of the restored Roman aqueducts, the Popes of the 17th and 18th centuries commissioned the building of baroque style fountains in the spot where the aqueducts arrived in the city of Rome
Since indoor plumbing became the norm of the day for fresh, drinking water, by the end of the 19th century urban fountains were no longer needed for this purpose and they became purely ornamental. The creation of special water effects and the recycling of water were two things made possible by swapping gravity with mechanical pumps.
Embellishing city parks, honoring people or events and entertaining, are some of the purposes of modern-day fountains.