The Source of Modern Day Outdoor Water Fountains
The Source of Modern Day Outdoor Water Fountains The translation of hundreds of classical Greek texts into Latin was commissioned by the scholarly Pope Nicholas V who led the Church in Rome from 1397 until 1455. Embellishing Rome and making it the worthy capital of the Christian world was at the heart of his objectives. Restoration of the Acqua Vergine, a ruined Roman aqueduct which had transported clean drinking water into the city from eight miles away, began in 1453 at the behest of the Pope. A mostra, a monumental dedicatory fountain built by ancient Romans to mark the point of arrival of an aqueduct, was a custom which was restored by Nicholas V. At the bidding of the Pope, architect Leon Battista Alberti began the construction of a wall fountain in the place where we now find the Trevi Fountain. Changes and extensions, included in the repaired aqueduct, eventually provided the Trevi Fountain and the well-known baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona with the necessary water supply.The Circulation of Garden Water Fountains Engineering Knowledge in Europe
The Circulation of Garden Water Fountains Engineering Knowledge in Europe
The published documents and illustrated books of the time contributed to the development of scientific innovation, and were the primary methods of spreading practical hydraulic concepts and water feature suggestions throughout Europe. An un-named French water fountain engineer was an internationally renowned hydraulic leader in the late 1500's. With Royal mandates in Brussels, London and Germany, he started his career in Italy, acquiring experience in garden design and grottoes with built-in and ingenious water hydraulics. “The Principles of Moving Forces”, a book which became the fundamental text on hydraulic technology and engineering, was composed by him towards the end of his lifetime in France. Replacing principal hydraulic breakthroughs of classical antiquity, the publication also explains modern hydraulic technologies. As a mechanical means to move water, Archimedes devised the water screw, fundamental among key hydraulic discoveries. An beautiful spring with sunlight heating up the liquid in two containers concealed in a adjacent room was presented in one illustration. What occurs is the heated liquid expanded, rises and locks up the conduits leading to the water fountain, thereby leading to activation. The publication furthermore mentions garden ponds, water wheels, water feature concepts.
The Impact of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design
The Impact of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design The introduction of the Normans in the second half of the eleventh century irreparably transformed The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. The expertise of the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons' in design and farming at the time of the conquest. But before focusing on home-life or having the occasion to think about domestic architecture or decoration, the Normans had to subjugate an entire population. Monasteries and castles served separate functions, so while monasteries were large stone structures built in only the most productive, wide dales, castles were set upon blustery knolls where the occupants focused on learning offensive and defensive practices. Tranquil pastimes such as gardening were out of place in these desolate citadels. Berkeley Castle, potentially the most unspoiled style of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists now. It is said that the keep was developed during William the Conqueror's time. A significant terrace serves as a deterrent to invaders who would try to mine the walls of the building. A scenic bowling green, enveloped in grass and surrounded by battlements clipped out of an ancient yew hedge, forms one of the terraces.
A Small Garden Space? You Can Have a Water Fountain too!
A Small Garden Space? You Can Have a Water Fountain too! Since water causes a reflection, smaller spaces will appear larger. In order to generate the optimum reflective properties of a water feature or fountain, it is best to use dark materials. When the sun goes down, you can use underwater lights in different colors and shapes to illuminate your new feature. Sunshine is required to power eco-lights during the day time while submerged lights are great for night use. Often utilized in natural therapies, they help to lessen anxiety and tension with their calming sounds.
The foliage in your yard is a very good spot to fit in your water feature. Turn your water feature such as a pond, artificial river, or fountain to become the central component of your backyard. Water features make great additions to both large gardens or little patios. The right accessories and the best location for it are important if you want to better the atmosphere.
Caring For Large Garden Fountains
Caring For Large Garden Fountains Setting up an outdoor wall fountain requires that you take into account the dimensions of the space where you are going to put it. It is essential that the wall where you are going to hang it is strong enough to support its weight. So spaces or walls which are smaller will most likely require something light.
In order for the fountain to have power, a nearby electrical plug is needed. Most outdoor wall fountains come with simple, step-by-step instructions with respect to the type of fountain. The general outdoor wall feature is available in an easy-to-use kit that comes with everything you need and more to properly install it. The kit will contain a submersible pump, the hoses and basin (or reservoir). The basin can usually be hidden away among your garden plants if it is not too big. Once your wall fountain is installed, all that is required is consistent cleaning and some light maintenance.
It is vital to replenish the water consistently so that it remains clean. Rubbish such as branches, leaves or dirt should be cleared away quickly. Ensure that your outdoor wall fountain is protected from freezing winter temperatures. If kept outdoors, your pump could split as a result of icy water, so bring it inside during the winter. To sum up, your outdoor wall fountain will continue to be a great add-on to your garden if you keep it well cared for and well maintained.
Water Delivery Strategies in Early Rome
Water Delivery Strategies in Early Rome Rome’s very first elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; before that, inhabitants residing at higher elevations had to rely on natural springs for their water.
When aqueducts or springs weren’t easily accessible, people dwelling at higher elevations turned to water taken from underground or rainwater, which was made available by wells and cisterns. In the very early sixteenth century, the city began to utilize the water that flowed below ground through Acqua Vergine to deliver water to Pincian Hill. Throughout the time of its initial building and construction, pozzi (or manholes) were positioned at set intervals along the aqueduct’s channel. Whilst these manholes were created to make it less difficult to manage the aqueduct, it was also feasible to use containers to remove water from the channel, which was practiced by Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi from the time he purchased the property in 1543 to his passing in 1552. He didn’t get a sufficient quantity of water from the cistern that he had manufactured on his property to obtain rainwater. Fortunately, the aqueduct sat below his property, and he had a shaft established to give him accessibility.