The Circulation of Outdoor Garden Fountain Engineering Knowledge in Europe
The Circulation of Outdoor Garden Fountain Engineering Knowledge in Europe Dissiminating practical hydraulic knowledge and water feature design ideas all through Europe was accomplished with the published papers and illustrated publications of the time. An unnamed French water fountain engineer became an internationally renowned hydraulic pioneer in the late 1500's. By creating gardens and grottoes with built-in and clever water attributes, he began his career in Italy by getting imperial commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. The book, “The Principles of Moving Forces,” penned towards the end of his life in France, turned into the definitive text on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. The publication modified crucial hydraulic breakthroughs since classical antiquity as well as detailing modern day hydraulic technologies. Archimedes, the creator of the water screw, had his work highlighted and these included a mechanical means to move water. A pair of undetectable containers heated by the sun's rays in a room next to the creative water feature were shown in an illustration. The end result: the fountain is stimulated by the hot liquid expanding and rising up the pipes. Garden ponds as well as pumps, water wheels, and water feature creations are talked about in the publication.
Modern Garden Decoration: Large Outdoor Water Fountains and their Roots
Modern Garden Decoration: Large Outdoor Water Fountains and their Roots A water fountain is an architectural piece that pours water into a basin or jets it high into the air in order to supply drinking water, as well as for decorative purposes.
Pure functionality was the original purpose of fountains. Residents of urban areas, townships and small towns utilized them as a source of drinking water and a place to wash up, which meant that fountains had to be linked to nearby aqueduct or spring. Used until the 19th century, in order for fountains to flow or shoot up into the air, their source of water such as reservoirs or aqueducts, had to be higher than the water fountain in order to benefit from the power of gravity. Serving as an element of decoration and celebration, fountains also generated clean, fresh drinking water. The main materials used by the Romans to create their fountains were bronze or stone masks, mostly illustrating animals or heroes. To replicate the gardens of paradise, Muslim and Moorish garden planners of the Middle Ages introduced fountains to their designs. To show his dominance over nature, French King Louis XIV included fountains in the Garden of Versailles. The Popes of the 17th and 18th centuries were glorified with baroque style fountains constructed to mark the place of entry of Roman aqueducts.
Indoor plumbing became the key source of water by the end of the 19th century thereby restricting urban fountains to mere decorative elements. Fountains using mechanical pumps instead of gravity allowed fountains to provide recycled water into living spaces as well as create special water effects.
Contemporary fountains are used to adorn public spaces, honor individuals or events, and enhance recreational and entertainment events.