The Effect of the Norman Conquest on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design
The Effect of the Norman Conquest on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design The arrival of the Normans in the second half of the eleventh century irreparably improved The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. Engineering and horticulture were skills that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation.
But yet there was no time for home life, domestic design, and adornment until the Normans had overcome the whole realm. Castles were more basic designs and often built on blustery hills, where their people devoted both time and space to practicing offense and defense, while monasteries were considerable stone buildings, commonly located in the widest, most fruitful hollows. Tranquil pursuits such as gardening were out of place in these desolate citadels. Berkeley Castle, maybe the most unspoiled model of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists today. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time period. As a technique of deterring assailants from tunneling within the walls, an immense terrace encompasses the building. One of these terraces, a charming bowling green, is covered grass and flanked by an aged yew hedge trimmed into the form of crude battlements.
Original Water Supply Techniques in Rome
Original Water Supply Techniques in Rome With the construction of the very first raised aqueduct in Rome, the Aqua Anio Vetus in 273 BC, folks who lived on the city’s hills no longer had to be dependent solely on naturally-occurring spring water for their demands. During this period, there were only two other systems capable of delivering water to higher areas, subterranean wells and cisterns, which amassed rainwater. To furnish water to Pincian Hill in the early 16th century, they employed the brand-new technique of redirecting the motion from the Acqua Vergine aqueduct’s underground channel.
Pozzi, or manholes, were made at standard intervals along the aqueduct’s channel. Whilst these manholes were developed to make it simpler and easier to sustain the aqueduct, it was also feasible to use buckets to pull water from the channel, which was practiced by Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi from the time he bought the property in 1543 to his passing in 1552. Though the cardinal also had a cistern to get rainwater, it didn’t provide enough water. By using an opening to the aqueduct that flowed below his property, he was able to suit his water needs.
Where did Garden Water Fountains Come From?
Where did Garden Water Fountains Come From? A water fountain is an architectural piece that pours water into a basin or jets it high into the air in order to provide drinkable water, as well as for decorative purposes.Pure functionality was the original purpose of fountains. People in cities, towns and villages received their drinking water, as well as water to bathe and wash, from aqueducts or springs nearby.
Up until the 19th century, fountains had to be more elevated and closer to a water supply, including aqueducts and reservoirs, in order to benefit from gravity which fed the fountains. Fountains were an optimal source of water, and also served to decorate living areas and memorialize the designer. Roman fountains usually depicted imagery of animals or heroes made of metal or stone masks. To replicate the gardens of paradise, Muslim and Moorish garden planners of the Middle Ages introduced fountains to their designs. King Louis XIV of France wanted to demonstrate his superiority over nature by including fountains in the Gardens of Versailles. The Romans of the 17th and 18th centuries manufactured baroque decorative fountains to glorify the Popes who commissioned them as well as to mark the location where the restored Roman aqueducts entered the city.
Indoor plumbing became the key source of water by the end of the 19th century thereby restricting urban fountains to mere decorative elements. Gravity was substituted by mechanical pumps in order to permit fountains to bring in clean water and allow for beautiful water displays.
Embellishing city parks, honoring people or events and entertaining, are some of the uses of modern-day fountains.
The Myriad Reasons to Add a Water Feature
The Myriad Reasons to Add a Water Feature The inclusion of a wall water feature or an outdoor garden fountain is an excellent way to adorn your yard or garden design. Many modern designers and artisans have been influenced by historical fountains and water features.
As such, the effect of adding one of these to your home decor binds it to past times. The water and moisture garden fountains release into the environment draws birds and other creatures, and also balances the ecosystem, all of which contribute to the advantages of including one of these beautiful water features. For instance, irritating flying insects are usually discouraged by the birds attracted to the fountain or birdbath. Putting in a wall fountain is your best solution for a little garden because a spouting or cascading fountain occupies too much space. Either a freestanding fountain with an even back and an attached basin set against a fence or a wall, or a wall-mounted kind which is self-contained and hangs on a wall, are some of the options from which you can choose. Adding a fountain to an existent wall requires that you add a fountain mask as well as a basin at the base to collect the water. The plumbing and masonry work necessary for this kind of job requires expertise, so it is best to employ a skilled person rather than do it yourself.
Landscape Elegance: Large Outdoor Fountains
Landscape Elegance: Large Outdoor Fountains It is also possible to place your outdoor water fountain near a wall since they do not need to be connected to a nearby pond. Excavating, installing and cleaning a nearby pond are no longer a necessity. There is no plumbing required with this kind of self-sufficient water feature. Adding water on a consistent} basis is important, however. Your pond and the surrounding area are sure to get dirty at some point so be sure to drain the water from the basin and replace it with fresh water.Garden wall fountains come in lots of different materials, but they are usually made of stone and metal. The most suitable material for your fountain depends entirely on the design you prefer. It is important to purchase hand-crafted, lightweight garden wall features which are also simple to hang. Moreover, be certain to buy a fountain which necessitates minimal maintenance. Even though installing certain fountains can be challenging, the majority require little work because the only parts which demand special care are the re-circulating pump and the hardware to hang them. You can easily liven up your outdoor area with these types of fountains.
Fountains for Tight Areas
Fountains for Tight Areas You can make your space look bigger due to the reflective effect of water. Water features such as fountains profit from the reflective qualities coming from dark materials.
Use underwater lights, which come in many different shapes and colors, to display your new feature at night. profit from the sun’s rays by using eco-lights during the day and underwater lights during the night. Alleviating stress and anxiety with their calming sounds are some of the uses in nature medicine. The vegetation in your yard is a very good spot to fit in your water feature. Your pond, artificial river, or fountain is the perfect feature to draw people’s interest. Water features make great add ons to both large gardens or little patios. Considerably modifying the ambience is possible by locating it in the most appropriate place and include the finest accompaniments.
The Major Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statuary
The Major Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statuary The initial freestanding statuary was developed by the Archaic Greeks, a recognized success since until then the only carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and columns. Younger, ideal male or female (kore) Greeks were the subject matter of most of the statues, or kouros figures.
The kouroi, regarded by the Greeks to represent beauty, had one foot stretched out of a strict forward-facing pose and the male figurines were regularly unclothed, with a compelling, strong physique. In 650 BC, life-size models of the kouroi began to be observed. The Archaic period was an amazing point of transformation for the Greeks as they extended into new modes of government, created unique expressions of art, and attained knowledge of the people and cultures outside of Greece. But in spite of the conflicts, the Greek civilization continued to advance, unabated.