The Defining Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statuary
The Defining Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statuary Archaic Greeks were well known for providing the first freestanding statuary; up till then, most carvings were made out of walls and pillars as reliefs. Most of the freestanding statues were of youthful, winsome male or female (kore) Greeks and are referred to as kouros figures. Symbolizing beauty to the Greeks, the kouroi were crafted to look stiff and typically had foot forward; the males were healthy, sturdy, and nude. Around 650 BC, life-sized forms of the kouroi began to be observed. The Archaic period was an awesome point of transformation for the Greeks as they expanded into new modes of government, created novel expressions of art, and gained knowledge of the men and women and cultures outside of Greece. Similar to many other periods of historical conflict, disagreements were commonplace, and there were struggles between city-states like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos.
The Dissemination of Outdoor Fountain Design Technology
The Dissemination of Outdoor Fountain Design Technology Contributing to the development of scientific technology were the published papers and illustrated publications of the day. They were also the main method of transmitting practical hydraulic facts and water fountain design suggestions throughout Europe. In the later part of the 1500's, a French fountain architect (whose name has been lost) was the globally distinguished hydraulics pioneer. His experience in designing gardens and grottoes with built-in and brilliant water features began in Italy and with mandates in Brussels, London and Germany. He penned a publication titled “The Principles of Moving Forces” towards the conclusion of his lifetime while in France that came to be the basic text on hydraulic technology and engineering. Modernizing principal hydraulic discoveries of classical antiquity, the book also details modern hydraulic technologies. As a mechanized method to push water, Archimedes made the water screw, key among key hydraulic breakthroughs. Natural light warmed the water in a pair of undetectable containers adjacent to the decorative water feature were shown in an illustration. The end result: the fountain is activated by the hot liquid expanding and rising up the conduits. Designs for pumps, water wheels, water features and garden ponds are also mentioned in the publication.Anglo-Saxon Landscapes During the Norman Conquest
Anglo-Saxon Landscapes During the Norman Conquest The advent of the Normans in the later half of the 11th century substantially modified The Anglo-Saxon ways of living. The skill of the Normans exceeded the Anglo-Saxons' in architecture and agriculture at the time of the conquest. But yet there was no time for home life, domestic architecture, and decoration until the Normans had conquered the whole realm. Most often built upon windy peaks, castles were basic constructs that permitted their inhabitants to devote time and space to offensive and defensive strategies, while monasteries were rambling stone buildings commonly added in only the most fecund, broad valleys. Peaceful pursuits such as gardening were out of place in these desolate citadels. Berkeley Castle, maybe the most unspoiled style of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists now. The keep is said to date from the time of William the Conqueror. As a technique of deterring assailants from tunneling under the walls, an immense terrace encircles the building. One of these terraces, a charming bowling green, is covered grass and flanked by an old yew hedge cut into the figure of crude battlements.The Early, Unappreciated Water-Moving System
The Early, Unappreciated Water-Moving System The praise Agrippa’s water-lifting creation received from Andrea Bacci in 1588 was temporal. It could perhaps be that in 1592 when Rome’s most recent channel, the Acqua Felice, started providing the Villa Medici, there was no longer much usage for the device. Its success might have been brief but the device conceived by Camillo Agrippa was nevertheless unlike anything developed in Italy during the time period that separated the modern age from classic Rome. Renaissance landscapes of the late 16th century were home to works including melodious water fountains, scenographic water demonstrations and water caprices (giochi d’acqua), but these weren’t outfitted with water in ways that defied gravitation itself.
The Origins of Modern Wall Fountains
The Origins of Modern Wall Fountains The translation of hundreds of classical Greek texts into Latin was commissioned by the scholarly Pope Nicholas V who led the Church in Rome from 1397 until 1455. Beautifying Rome and making it the worthy capital of the Christian world was at the center of his objectives. Restoration of the Acqua Vergine, a desolate Roman aqueduct which had transported fresh drinking water into the city from eight miles away, began in 1453 at the bidding of the Pope. The historical Roman tradition of marking the arrival point of an aqueduct with an magnificent celebratory fountain, also known as a mostra, was restored by Nicholas V. At the bidding of the Pope, architect Leon Battista Alberti began the construction of a wall fountain in the spot where we now find the Trevi Fountain. Adjustments and extensions, included in the restored aqueduct, eventually provided the Trevi Fountain and the well-known baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona with the necessary water supply.The Wide Range of Outdoor Fountains
The Wide Range of Outdoor Fountains Is it possible for you to convert your garden into a haven of serenity? You can benefit from a water feature by adding an outdoor fountain to your garden and creating a place of tranquility. The flood of water sent shooting into the air by a spouting fountain is an impressive sight to see. Ample, preexisting ponds can easily be fitted with one of these. These sorts of fountains are often found in parks or historical manor homes.
Outdoor water features come in varied forms, one of which is a fancy wall fountain. Even with a small yard, it is feasible to add one of these water features. While spouting fountains produce an impressive effect, wall fountains are rather understated water features. In a very simple process, the water spills out of a spout, trickles down a magnificently textured wall only to be pumped back to the top.
Dependent on the design you have chosen for the garden, you could consider a themed fountain. A cherub holding a spout is one of the possible kinds of classical-styled statues you can use if you want your fountain to fit a rustically themed cottage or garden. Something unique and bold could be an option for more modern gardens. Let your mind run free to select the best option.
The primary attribute of a multi-tiered fountain is that water streams from a number of different levels. Water streaming down multiple levels of this water feature is the chief attribute of a cascading fountain.
The space necessary for an outdoor fountain can be considerable, therefore, a better solution is to install a wall fountain or a pondless fountain. Put in one of these fountains if your space is limited since their reservoirs are hidden from sight underground.
Japanese fountains are thought to impart a feeling of tranquility and well-being. In this style of water feature the water flows through bamboo sticks. Water then flows into a recipient or a shaped stone, only to repeat the pattern over and over again.
Glass fountains make up an additional group of fountain. Providing a more classical appearance are trellis-style fountains which feature shaped metalwork. Water features such as these are best suited to gardens with many sharp corners as well as modern forms and designs. A wondrous effect is created when water flows down the sheets of glass. Some fountains also include colored LED lights to shine onto the sheets of glass as water flows downwards. Often made of imitation rock, rock waterfall fountains have water gently trickling down its surface.
A large rock drilled with openings which then has tubes inserted into it is what distinguishes a bubbling rock fountain. In this kind of fountain, water is pushed upwards at low pressure to cause it to bubble and gurgle at the top. Flowing towards the bottom of the fountain, the water comes back as a slow drizzle down the sides of the rock. Gardens with limited space are good places to include this style of fountain. The low pressure used in this sort of fountain inhibits water from being splashed about in case of a windy day.
The trend of installing solar powered fountains is becoming increasingly widespread. There are numerous reasons for this newly found interest such as the absence of cables, less difficulty in running them, a reduction in electricity bills, and the benefits to the environment. There is no need to choose a specific model of outdoor solar-powered fountain because of the wide range of designs available on the market.