Archaic Greek Artwork: Garden Statuary

Archaic Greek Artwork: Garden Statuary Archaic Greeks were renowned for providing the first freestanding statuary; up till then, most carvings were made out of walls and pillars as reliefs. For the most part the statues, or kouros figures, were of young and attractive male or female (kore) Greeks. The kouroi, viewed by the Greeks to represent beauty, had one foot extended out of a strict forward-facing posture and the male figurines were regularly unclothed, with a powerful, strong shape. Around 650 BC, life-sized variations of the kouroi began to be observed. The Archaic period was tumultuous for the Greeks as they evolved into more refined forms of government and art, and acquired more information and facts about the peoples and cultures outside of Greece. Wars like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars between city-states are suggestive of the disruptive nature of the time period, which was similar to other periods of historical upset. However, these conflicts did not significantly hinder the advancement of the Greek civilization.

The Source of Modern Outdoor Fountains

The Source of Modern Outdoor Fountains The translation of hundreds of ancient Greek texts into Latin was commissioned by the learned Pope Nicholas V who led the Church in Rome from 1397 until 1455. He undertook the embellishment of Rome to turn it into the worthy seat of the Christian world. Reconstruction of the Acqua Vergine, a desolate Roman aqueduct which had transported fresh drinking water into the city from eight miles away, began in 1453 at the behest of the Pope. The ancient Roman tradition of building an imposing commemorative fountain at the point where an aqueduct arrived, also known as a mostra, was revived by Nicholas V. The Trevi Fountain now occupies the space formerly filled with a wall fountain crafted by Leon Battista Albert, an architect commissioned by the Pope. Source Modern Outdoor Fountains 10000140181541.jpg

Source Modern Outdoor Fountains 10000140181541.jpg

The Trevi Fountain as well as the renowned baroque fountains located in the Piazza del Popolo and the Piazza Navona were eventually supplied with water from the modified aqueduct he had rebuilt.

How Technical Concepts of Outdoor Spread

How Technical Concepts of Outdoor Spread Throughout the European countries, the primary means of dissiminating useful hydraulic information and fountain design ideas were the published pamphlets and illustrated books of the day, which added to the development of scientific technology. An un-named French water feature engineer was an internationally celebrated hydraulic leader in the later part of the 1500's. By creating gardens and grottoes with incorporated and clever water features, he started off his profession in Italy by earning Royal commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. In France, towards the end of his lifetime, he wrote “The Principle of Moving Forces”, a publication that became the primary text on hydraulic technology and engineering. Classical antiquity hydraulic discoveries were elaborated as well as changes to crucial classical antiquity hydraulic discoveries in the book. Prominent among these works were those of Archimedes, the inventor of the water screw, a mechanized way of transferring water. An beautiful water feature with the sun heating the water in two containers hidden in a nearby area was displayed in one illustration. Technical Concepts Outdoor Spread 345424395774.jpg

Technical Concepts Outdoor Spread 345424395774.jpg

The hot liquid expands and subsequently rises and shuts the water pipes consequently triggering the fountain. Concepts for pumps, water wheels, water features and garden ponds are also included in the book.

Water Fountains: The Minoan Society

Water Fountains: The Minoan Society During archaeological digs on the island of Crete, various kinds of channels have been discovered. They were used for water supply as well as removal of storm water and wastewater. The principle materials utilized were rock or clay. Whenever prepared from clay, they were usually in the shape of canals and circular or rectangular pipes. There are two illustrations of Minoan clay conduits, those with a shortened cone shape and a U-shape that haven’t been seen in any civilization ever since. Water Fountains: Minoan Society 1409993140395475712.jpg

Water Fountains: Minoan Society 1409993140395475712.jpg

Terracotta water lines were installed beneath the floors at Knossos Palace and utilized to circulate water. The clay conduits were furthermore made use of for amassing and saving water. Therefore, these conduits had to be effective to: Subterranean Water Transportation: It’s not really understood why the Minoans needed to transfer water without it being spotted. Quality Water Transportation: Some scholars feel that these pipes were used to make a different distribution technique for the castle.