California's Water Fountain Analysis and Results
California's Water Fountain Analysis and Results Berkley, CA citizens voted for a sugar-sweetened beverages tax in February 2014, the first of its kind in the United States.
The goal is to have everyone drinking more water and other natural drinks by raising the price tag of soda and other sugar-sweetened drinks. Research was executed to find out the reputation of local drinking water fountains and whether individuals from different racial or economical backgrounds had reduced availability to them. By creating a mobile GPS application, experts were able to gather data on Berkley’s drinking water fountains. Analysts then used US Census data to find out even more about the economic and racial elements that impacted the city. The two data sets were compared to figure out what class distinctions, if any, there were in access to running water fountains. The analysis was able to pinpoint the demographics of areas with water fountains, also noting whether the condition of the fountains was greater or worse in lower class neighborhoods. While the majority of the fountains were in working order, an appalling number were found to be in a poor state of repairs.
Contemporary Garden Decoration: Large Outdoor Water Fountains and their Roots
Contemporary Garden Decoration: Large Outdoor Water Fountains and their Roots The incredible architecture of a fountain allows it to provide clean water or shoot water high into air for dramatic effect and it can also serve as an excellent design feature to complete your home. From the onset, outdoor fountains were simply there to serve as functional elements. Residents of cities, townships and small towns utilized them as a source of drinking water and a place to wash up, which meant that fountains needed to be connected to nearby aqueduct or spring. Used until the nineteenth century, in order for fountains to flow or shoot up into the air, their source of water such as reservoirs or aqueducts, had to be higher than the water fountain in order to benefit from gravity. Fountains were not only utilized as a water source for drinking water, but also to adorn homes and celebrate the artist who created it. Animals or heroes made of bronze or stone masks were often times used by Romans to decorate their fountains. During the Middle Ages, Muslim and Moorish garden designers included fountains in their designs to mimic the gardens of paradise. King Louis XIV of France wanted to illustrate his superiority over nature by including fountains in the Gardens of Versailles. Seventeen and 18 century Popes sought to extol their positions by including beautiful baroque-style fountains at the point where restored Roman aqueducts arrived into the city.
Since indoor plumbing became the norm of the day for clean, drinking water, by the end of the 19th century urban fountains were no longer needed for this purpose and they became purely ornamental. Gravity was substituted by mechanical pumps in order to permit fountains to bring in clean water and allow for beautiful water displays.
Beautifying city parks, honoring people or events and entertaining, are some of the functions of modern-day fountains.