Acqua Vergine: The Remedy to Rome's Water Problems
Acqua Vergine: The Remedy to Rome's Water Problems Rome’s very first elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; prior to that, residents living at higher elevations had to rely on natural springs for their water. Throughout this time period, there were only two other technologies capable of offering water to elevated areas, subterranean wells and cisterns, which gathered rainwater. From the early sixteenth century, water was routed to Pincian Hill by way of the underground channel of Acqua Vergine. During its initial construction, pozzi (or manholes) were positioned at set intervals alongside the aqueduct’s channel. During the roughly nine years he owned the residence, from 1543 to 1552, Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi made use of these manholes to take water from the network in buckets, though they were previously designed for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance the aqueduct. Whilst the cardinal also had a cistern to amass rainwater, it didn’t produce a sufficient amount of water. Thankfully, the aqueduct sat just below his property, and he had a shaft opened to give him accessibility.Anglo Saxon Grounds During the Norman Conquest
Anglo Saxon Grounds During the Norman Conquest Anglo-Saxons experienced incredible changes to their day-to-day lives in the latter half of the eleventh century due to the accession of the Normans. The ability of the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons' in design and farming at the time of the conquest. But yet there was no time for home life, domesticated architecture, and decoration until the Normans had conquered the whole region. Because of this, castles were cruder buildings than monasteries: Monasteries were frequently significant stone buildings set in the biggest and most fertile valleys, while castles were erected on windy crests where their residents dedicated time and space to projects for offense and defense.
The tranquil practice of gardening was unrealistic in these dreary bastions. The purest specimen of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture existent today is Berkeley Castle. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time period. As a method of deterring assailants from tunneling under the walls, an immense terrace encircles the building. On one of these parapets is a picturesque bowling green covered in grass and bordered by an aged hedge of yew that has been shaped into coarse battlements.
The Godfather Of Roman Fountains
The Godfather Of Roman Fountains In Rome’s city center, there are countless celebrated water fountains. One of the greatest sculptors and artists of the 17th century, Gian Lorenzo Bernini fashioned, conceptualized and built almost all of them. Traces of his life's efforts are evident throughout the streets of Rome simply because, in addition to his abilities as a water feature creator, he was also a city builder. Eventually moving to Rome to fully express their art, chiefly in the shape of public water features, Bernini’s father, a renowned Florentine sculptor, guided his young son.
The young Bernini received encouragement from Popes and relevant artists alike, and was an exceptional employee. His sculpture was originally his claim to popularity. Working effortlessly with Roman marble, he used a base of experience in the ancient Greek architecture, most notably in the Vatican. Although a variety of artists impacted his artistic endeavors, Michelangelo affected him the most.
An Introductory Guide to Herbs in Your Garden
An Introductory Guide to Herbs in Your Garden Countless gardeners are drawn to herbs because they can use them in so many distinctive recipes. They are extremely easy to grow both indoors or outdoors, and offer up instant gratification as you can use them in a wide variety of recipes including soups, marinades and sauces. Maintaining your herb garden all year is effortless to do as you can place the herbal plants in pots and move them in when the weather starts to turn cold. There are a couple of advantages of having perennial herbs in your garden such as the fact that they don't necessitate replanting at the conclusion of the year or don't die. Over and above this, you should really consider your personal taste inclinations when choosing herbs to flavor dinners. Basil, oregano, and thyme are great herbs to plant if you really enjoy cooking and eating Italian food. If you prefer Latin themed food, you may choose to cultivate cilantro instead.
It is relevant to determine where your herbs will be grown in order to decide which herbs will thrive. If you live in a mild climate, with warm winters and relatively cool summers, it may be easiest to plant straight into the ground. This is a very good way to spruce up your backyard without having the pain of investing in or creating planters. If you do not want to your plants to die or become dormant after being exposed to extreme weather conditions, you can always rely on planters. They are practical and convenient and you can transfer indoors at any time.
The Origins of Modern Wall Fountains
The Origins of Modern Wall Fountains Pope Nicholas V, himself a well educated man, governed the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 to 1455 during which time he commissioned many translations of ancient classical Greek documents into Latin.
Embellishing Rome and making it the worthy capital of the Christian world was at the heart of his ambitions. Reconstruction of the Acqua Vergine, a desolate Roman aqueduct which had carried fresh drinking water into the city from eight miles away, began in 1453 at the bidding of the Pope. The ancient Roman custom of building an awe-inspiring commemorative fountain at the point where an aqueduct arrived, also known as a mostra, was resurrected by Nicholas V. The present-day site of the Trevi Fountain was previously occupied by a wall fountain commissioned by the Pope and built by the architect Leon Battista Alberti. The aqueduct he had reconditioned included modifications and extensions which eventually allowed it to supply water to the Trevi Fountain as well as the famed baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and the Piazza Navona.
Setting Up and Maintaining Garden Water fountains
Setting Up and Maintaining Garden Water fountains An important first step before installing any outdoor wall fountain is to consider the area you have available. It will require a strong wall to support its overall weight. Also keep in mind that smaller areas or walls will require a lightweight fountain. You will need to have an electrical plug in proximity to the fountain so it can be powered. Most outdoor wall fountains include simple, step-by-step instructions according to the type of fountain.All you will need to correctly install your outdoor wall fountain is normally provided in easy-to-use kits. The kit includes a submersible pump, hoses as well as the basin, or reservoir. If the size is average, the basin can be concealed amongst your garden plants.
Since outdoor wall fountains require little maintenance, the only thing left to do is clean it consistently.
Replace the water frequently so it is always clean. Leaves, branches or dirt are examples of debris which should be cleared away quickly. Excessively cold temperatures can affect your outdoor wall fountain so be sure to protect it during the winter months. Bring your pump inside when the weather turns very cold and freezes the water so as to eliminate any possible harm, such as cracking. The bottom line is that if you properly maintain and care for your outdoor fountain, it will bring you joy for years to come.
The Many Styles of Outdoor Fountains
The Many Styles of Outdoor Fountains Make your dream a reality by creating an oasis of tranquility in your yard. Add a sense of peace to your garden with an outdoor fountain and profit from all the positive benefits of a water feature.The flood of water sent high up into the air by a spouting fountain is an impressive sight to see. Ample, preexisting ponds can easily be fitted with one of these. You may have seen one of these in a park or an old estate.
Pick a fashionable wall fountain to put outside. These types of water features make for a great addition to your yard even if it is small. Spouting fountains usually make quite an impact whereas wall features are more of an understated kind of water feature. In a very straightforward process, the water flows out of a spout, trickles down a beautifully textured wall only to be pumped back to the top.
Dependent on the look you have chosen for the garden, you could contemplate a themed fountain. A cherub holding a spout is one of the possible kinds of classical-styled statues you can use if you want your fountain to fit a rustically themed cottage or garden. Modern-day gardens, on the other hand, benefit from something more audacious. Just permit your creativity to run loose.
The central characteristic of tiered fountains is the multiple levels spewing out water. Due to the water moving down its various levels, these are also called cascading fountains.
A substantial amount of space is needed for an outdoor fountain, so another option is to install a wall fountain or a pondless fountain. Due to the fact that the reservoirs required for these kinds of fountains are hidden below the ground, you can make the most of the room at your disposal.
Add a Japanese fountain if you are looking for a sense of peace. Bamboo sticks are utilized in this type of fountain to expel the water. Water then flows into a bucket or a shaped stone, only to repeat the cycle over and over again.
Fountains composed of glass are another type on the market. Trellis-style fountains of this kind, showcase molded metalwork which provides a more conventional look. Water features such as these are ideal for yards with many sharp corners as well as modern forms and designs. The water produces a stunning effect when it runs down the outside of the glass. In some instances, the water is colored by LED lights as it flows down the glass panels. The jagged surface of rock waterfall fountain creates an appealing façade as the water gently trickles downwards.
The feature which distinguishes a bubbling rock fountain is a large rock drilled with holes where pipes can be inserted into its center. The gurgles and bubbles at the top are the product of the low pressure used to propel the water upwards. Downward flowing water appears as gentle dribble as it moves down the sides of the rock to go back to its base. This sort of fountain is perfectly suited for little gardens. To ensure that water is not sprayed around if it starts to get windy, this kind of fountain is the best choice since it only uses low pressure to move water.
Solar fountains have recently gained in popularity because they are powered by the sun. The lack of cables, the decreased difficulty in managing them, the lower energy bills, and the benefits to our ecosystem are just some of the motives for this increased interest. Outdoor solar-powered fountains are available in a multitude of varying styles, therefore, you will not have to settle on which one to purchase.