Water Transport Solutions in Early Rome
Water Transport Solutions in Early Rome
With the manufacturing of the first raised aqueduct in Rome, the Aqua Anio Vetus in 273 BC, people who lived on the city’s hills no longer had to rely solely on naturally-occurring spring water for their demands. If inhabitants residing at higher elevations did not have accessibility to springs or the aqueduct, they’d have to rely on the remaining existing technologies of the time, cisterns that collected rainwater from the sky and subterranean wells that drew the water from below ground. From the early sixteenth century, water was routed to Pincian Hill via the subterranean channel of Acqua Vergine. During the length of the aqueduct’s passage were pozzi, or manholes, that gave access. The manholes made it easier to maintain the channel, but it was also achievable to use buckets to remove water from the aqueduct, as we saw with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he owned the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he died. The cistern he had built to obtain rainwater wasn’t satisfactory to meet his water demands. To provide himself with a more efficient means to assemble water, he had one of the manholes opened up, offering him access to the aqueduct below his property.
A Chronicle of Garden Fountains
A Chronicle of Garden Fountains Hundreds of classic Greek records were translated into Latin under the auspices of the scholarly Pope Nicholas V, who ruled the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 to 1455. He undertook the embellishment of Rome to turn it into the model capital of the Christian world. In 1453 the Pope instigated the repairing of the Aqua Vergine, an historic Roman aqueduct which had carried clean drinking water into the city from eight miles away. A mostra, a monumental dedicatory fountain constructed by ancient Romans to mark the point of entry of an aqueduct, was a custom which was restored by Nicholas V. The present-day site of the Trevi Fountain was once occupied by a wall fountain commissioned by the Pope and built by the architect Leon Battista Alberti. Modifications and extensions, included in the repaired aqueduct, eventually provided the Trevi Fountain and the well-known baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona with the necessary water supply.Outdoor Water Fountains And Public Health
Outdoor Water Fountains And Public Health In February 2014, a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages was approved in Berkley, CA, making it the first city in the United States to submit such a regulation.
The tax is thought to decrease sugary drink consumption and increase the consumption of healthier drinks, such as water from fountains. First, the city conducted research to assess whether citizens had easy access to functioning drinking water fountains. Via information gathered by a mobile GPS app, professionals were able to establish the state of active water fountains in Berkley. Demographic data on race and income was then assembled using the US Census database. The researchers looked to use both data sets to figure out if demographics were linked to drinking water fountain access. The surrounding demographics of each water fountain location was made note of, while additionally deciding whether race or income levels made a difference in the state of repair of each individual fountain. The tidiness of various fountains was found poor, even if most were working.
Your Patio: An Ideal Place for a Garden Fountain
Your Patio: An Ideal Place for a Garden Fountain A good way to enhance the look of your outdoor living area is to add a wall fountain or an exterior garden fountain to your landscaping or garden design. Many contemporary designers and craftsmen have been inspired by historical fountains and water features. As such, integrating one of these to your home design is a great way to connect it to the past. The benefit of having a garden fountain extends beyond its beauty as it also appeals to birds and other wildlife, in addition to harmonizing the ecosystem with the water and moisture it releases into the atmosphere. For example, birds lured by a fountain or birdbath can be useful because they fend off annoying flying insects.
Wall fountains are a good option if your yard is small because they do not need much space in contrast to a spouting or cascading fountain. Two possibilities to choose from include either a freestanding type with an even back set against a fence or wall in your backyard, or a wall-mounted, self-contained type which hangs on a wall. A water feature can be added to an existing wall if you include some type of fountain mask as well as a basin to collect the water below. Since the plumbing and masonry work is extensive to complete this type of job, you should employ a professional to do it rather than try to do it alone.
Installation and Maintenance of Large Garden Fountains
Installation and Maintenance of Large Garden Fountains An important first step before installing any outdoor wall feature is to analyze the space you have available. A solid wall is absolutely needed to hold up its total weight. Therefore for smaller areas or walls, a more lightweight feature is going to be more appropriate. In order to power the fountain, an electrical socket will need to be nearby.
Whatever the style of outdoor wall fountain you buy, they typically come with simple to follow, step-by-step instructions. Generally, when you purchase an outdoor wall fountain, it will come in an easy-to-use kit that will include all the needed information to install it properly. The kit will contain a submersible pump, the hoses and basin (or reservoir). The basin, if it's not too large, can easily be concealedin your garden among the plants. Other than the regular cleaning, little upkeep is required once your outdoor wall fountain is installed.
Replace and clean the water on a regular basis. Debris such as twigs, leaves or dirt should be cleared away quickly. In addition, your outdoor wall fountain should not be exposed to freezing winter temperatures. Bring your pump inside when the weather turns very cold and freezes the water so as to avoid any possible harm, like as cracking. To sum up, your outdoor wall fountain will continue to be an amazing add-on to your garden if you keep it well looked after and well maintained.
Outdoor Fountains for Tight Areas
Outdoor Fountains for Tight Areas
You can make your space appear bigger due to the reflective effect of water. In order to attain the maximum reflective properties of a water feature or fountain, it is best to use dark materials. Use underwater lights, which come in many different shapes and colors, to show off your new feature at night. profit from the sun’s rays by using eco-lights during the day and underwater lighting fixtures during the night. Natural treatments use them because they exude a soothing effect which helps to relieve stress as well as anxiety. The greenery in your garden is the perfect place to situate your water feature. Turn your water feature such as a pond, artificial river, or fountain to become the core piece of your backyard. Water features make great add ons to both large gardens or small patios. Considerably improving the ambience is possible by placing it in the most appropriate place and include the finest accompaniments.
Sculpture As a Staple of Classic Art in Archaic Greece
Sculpture As a Staple of Classic Art in Archaic Greece Archaic Greeks were known for developing the first freestanding statuary; up till then, most carvings were made out of walls and pillars as reliefs. Most of the freestanding statues were of youthful, winsome male or female (kore) Greeks and are known as kouros figures.
Regarded as by Greeks to represent splendour, the kouroi were formed into stiff, forward facing positions with one foot outstretched, and the male statues were usually nude, muscular, and fit. In about 650 BC, the differences of the kouroi became life-sized. The Archaic period was an amazing time of change for the Greeks as they extended into new forms of government, formed novel expressions of art, and achieved information of the men and women and cultures outside of Greece. Nonetheless, the Greek civilization was not slowed down by these battles.