How Mechanical Designs of Fountains Spread

How Mechanical Designs of Fountains Spread Throughout the European countries, the primary means of dissiminating useful hydraulic facts and fountain design suggestions were the published pamphlets and illustrated books of the time, which added to the advancement of scientific development. In the late 1500's, a French water fountain developer (whose name has been lost) was the globally distinguished hydraulics pioneer. His experience in creating landscapes and grottoes with incorporated and brilliant water features began in Italy and with commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. The book, “The Principles of Moving Forces,” penned towards the end of his lifetime in France, became the definitive text on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. The book modified crucial hydraulic breakthroughs since classical antiquity as well as describing contemporary hydraulic technologies. Dominant among these works were those of Archimedes, the inventor of the water screw, a mechanical means of transferring water. Mechanical Designs Fountains Spread 187932162.jpg

Mechanical Designs Fountains Spread 187932162.jpg

Two hidden vessels warmed by sunlight in a space next to the ornamental water feature were found in an illustration. Activating the fountain is hot water which expands and ascends to seal up the water lines. Concepts for pumps, water wheels, water attributes and outdoor ponds are also included in the book.

Anglo-Saxon Grounds During the Norman Conquest

Anglo-Saxon Grounds During the Norman Conquest The introduction of the Normans in the second half of the 11th century irreparably altered The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. Engineering and horticulture were skills that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation. However, there was no time for home life, domesticated design, and decoration until the Normans had conquered the whole realm. Because of this, castles were cruder constructions than monasteries: Monasteries were often immense stone buildings set in the biggest and most fertile valleys, while castles were erected on windy crests where their residents devoted time and space to projects for offense and defense. Relaxing pursuits such as gardening were out of place in these destitute citadels. Anglo-Saxon Grounds Norman Conquest 4136480220639382539.jpg

Anglo-Saxon Grounds Norman Conquest 4136480220639382539.jpg

The best specimen of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture existent in modern times is Berkeley Castle. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time. As a technique of deterring assailants from tunneling under the walls, an immense terrace encompasses the building. One of these terraces, a charming bowling green, is covered grass and flanked by an ancient yew hedge trimmed into the figure of crude battlements.

Free Water Fountains Around Berkley, California

Free Water Fountains Around Berkley, California Free Water Fountains Around Berkley, California 5991039677.jpg

The first example of a soda tax in the US came in February 2014, when it was passed by the city of Berkley, California. The taxation is supposed to lessen sugary drink consumption and improve the consumption of healthier beverages, such as water from fountains. Attempts were made to find out the status of neighborhood drinking water fountains in both high- and low-income neighborhoods. Important information on the city’s drinking water fountains were developed using a GPS created exclusively for the research. This info was cross-referenced with demographic information on race and income collected from the US Census Community Study database. The 2 data sets were reviewed to determine what class distinctions, if any, there were in access to operating water fountains. Each water fountain and the demographics of its bordering area were reviewed to reveal whether the site of the fountains or their standard of maintenance demonstrated any link to income, race, or other factors. The tidiness of various fountains was found lacking, even if most were working.